HyponatremiaEstimated Serum Osmolality Formula:
Estimated Serum Osmolality = 2 × Na (mEq/L) + (Glucose (mg/dL) / 18) + (BUN (mg/dL) / 2.8)
Hyperglycemia Adjustment in Hyponatremia:
Corrected Na = Measured Na + [(Current Glucose (mg/dL) - 100) / 100] × Δ
Δ (Delta) varies: Use 1.6 for glucose <400 mg/dL, and 2.4 for glucose ≥400 mg/dL.
IV Fluid Administration for HyponatremiaSodium Deficit Calculation:
Sodium Deficit (mEq) = (Desired Na - Actual Na) × TBW
Total Body Water (TBW) = weight (kg) × 0.6 for men or 0.5 for women.
HypernatremiaWater Deficit Calculation for Hypernatremia Correction:
Water Deficit (L) = [(Serum Na / 140) - 1] × weight (kg) × Body Water Constant
Note: Body Water Constant is 0.6 for males and 0.5 for females.
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