Rabies PEP Management Summary with ID Preference + Tetanus Immunization After Wounds (หมากัด แมวข่วน รถล้ม แผลถลอก)
💉 Rabies PEP Management Summary with ID Preference
| Exposure Category | Immune Status | Vaccination History | Management | Vaccine Schedule | RIG Required? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAT 1 | All | Any | ❌ No treatment needed | – | ❌ No |
| CAT 2 | Normal | Vaccinated <6 months | Booster | ✅ Day 0 only (1 dose) • IM or ID 2-site | ❌ No |
| CAT 2 | Normal | Vaccinated >6 months | Booster | ✅ Day 0, 3 • IM or ID 2-site or ID 4-site Day 0 | ❌ No |
| CAT 2 | Normal | Never vaccinated | Full vaccine | ✅ ID 2-site Days 0, 3, 7, 28 or IM Days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 | ❌ No |
| CAT 2 | Immuno compromised | Any | Full vaccine + RIG | ❗ IM only: Days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 | ✅ Yes |
| CAT 3 | Normal | Vaccinated <6 months | Booster + RIG | ✅ Day 0 only (1 dose) • IM or ID 2-site | ✅ Yes |
| CAT 3 | Normal | Vaccinated >6 months | Booster + RIG | ✅ Day 0, 3 • IM or ID 2-site or ID 4-site Day 0 | ✅ Yes |
| CAT 3 | Normal | Never vaccinated | Full vaccine + RIG | ✅ ID 2-site Days 0, 3, 7, 28 or IM Days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 | ✅ Yes |
| CAT 3 | Immuno compromised | Any | Full vaccine + RIG | ❗ IM only: Days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 | ✅ Yes |
💉 Vaccine Administration Details
🧪 Intradermal (ID) Regimens
- Dose: 0.1 mL per injection site
- Sites:
- 2-site: One injection in each deltoid
- 4-site: Both deltoids + both anterior thighs or scapulae (only Day 0)
💉 Intramuscular (IM) Regimens
- Dose: 0.5–1.0 mL depending on brand
- Site: Deltoid (or anterolateral thigh for infants)
⚠️ Do NOT mix ID and IM regimens during the course — EXCEPTION: if vaccine shortage on Day 3.
🧪 Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG)
| Type | Dose | Administration |
| ERIG (Equine) | 40 IU/kg | Infiltrate around the wound as much as anatomically feasible |
| HRIG (Human) | 20 IU/kg | Same as above; dilute for mucosal contact (1:10 with NSS if to eye/oral mucosa) |
❗ Do not inject remaining RIG elsewhere (e.g., gluteus)✅ Administer only once, within 7 days of first vaccine dose
💉 Tetanus Immunization After Wounds
Ready-to-Use Clinical & Exam Sheet
Step 1: Identify the wound
- Clean wound = clean, minor, superficial
- Dirty wound = contaminated, puncture, soil/feces/saliva, devitalized tissue, burns, crush injuries, bites
🧾 Tetanus Immunization Table (COMPLETE)
| Situation | Action |
|---|---|
| No or unknown tetanus history | 🧷 Start full primary course (3 doses) • Dose 1: day 0 • Dose 2: ≥4 weeks after dose 1 • Dose 3: 6–12 months after dose 2 ➕ Add TIG if dirty wound |
| <3 doses received (incomplete series) | 🧷 Complete the remaining doses • Continue where left off • Do NOT restart series ➕ Add TIG if dirty wound |
| ≥3 doses, clean wound, last dose ≥10 years | 💉 Booster dose (Td or Tdap) x1 |
| ≥3 doses, clean wound, last dose <10 years | ✅ No booster needed |
| ≥3 doses, dirty wound, last dose >5 years | 💉 Booster dose (Td or Tdap) x1 |
| ≥3 doses, dirty wound, last dose ≤5 years | ✅ No booster needed |
✅ This row completes the table and avoids confusion in exams and practice.
💉 Vaccine Details
- Vaccine: Td or Tdap
- Dose: 0.5 mL IM x1
- Tdap preferred if patient has never received Tdap before
🧪 TIG (Tetanus Immune Globulin) — Quick Rules
TIG is used ONLY if BOTH are present:
- Dirty / high-risk wound
- Inadequate (<3 doses) OR unknown vaccination history
❌ Never needed if:
- Clean wound
- AND ≥3 documented doses
TIG Dose
- 250 IU IM once
- May increase dose in heavily contaminated wounds
- Administer at a separate site from vaccine
📌 High-Yield Exam Memory Box
- “Full course” = 3 doses → builds immunity
- “Booster” = 1 dose → maintains immunity
- Dirty wound rules:
- ≥5 years → booster
- <5 years → no booster
- Clean wound rules:
- ≥10 years → booster
- <10 years → no booster
- Never restart the series